挖掘机在工作时，需要定期对液压系统进行维护，从而提高挖掘机的工作效率但在维护过程中往往会出现一些故障，例如：挖掘机经常启动后不能正常工作，或者频繁的调整速度；出现故障时一般是没有明显的声音或振动；甚至出现有水或润滑油流出等等。
下面我们就一起来看看如何对挖掘机进行故障诊断和维修液压系统故障诊断是工程机械维护中一项非常重要的工作，但也是一项非常繁琐和复杂的工作我们只能在挖掘机维护期间排除故障检修挖掘机液压系统的方法是什么？ 一、根据液压系统中的不同部件及功能，检测其部件的工作性能与功能。
首先要检查液压泵的工作性能，主要检查压力、流量、压力等参数的变化情况其次还要检查控制元件的工作性能，如液压表和压力、流量等主要参数的变化情况，并测试其功能正常与否，如故障如何变化；是否有泄漏等检查挖掘机液压系统中是否存在严重的缺陷，如阀件磨损、松动、变形、漏油、泄漏等。
当出现上述现象时，应及时检查或更换相关的元件和部件，并将问题记录下来，以便及时排除故障只有这样才能对挖掘机液压系统进行检修，确保其性能良好和正常使用对故障的判断主要集中在故障的特征及影响因素和原因上 1、故障特征主要表现为液压泵异常振动，有时还会发出噪音、启动困难等症状，这可能由于油温过高或压力太低造成。
影响因素：油温过高，导致流量、压力减小；压力太低，导致启动困难影响因素：液压泵流量过大或压力过低，会造成泵堵死，从而引起油温过高或启动困难影响因素：液压泵工作压力低或真空泵吸油不干净造成空气进入活塞杆内侧形成空气密封腔；真空泵吸油不干净；油压表不显示出压力值等。
2、影响因素及原因可能引起的故障有： ①、液压系统中有无固体杂物；②、液压油的质量是否良好；③、系统是否存在严重缺陷 3、可能的影响因素是由于压力阀的阀体密封不良，阀芯的磨损或阀芯安装不当、磨损严重而产生漏油。
检查时，要先将液压泵安装到主机上，然后将阀芯卸下，将阀芯放入空腔内，再将阀体从空腔盖中装入，然后用螺栓将阀芯固定，再进行压力测试；若压力值未达到正常值，可再进行检查，若压力仍未达到正常值，可再次测量；若压力仍未达到正常值，可将阀芯拆下（装阀时应将阀体装好),进行压力试验。
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